V.V.I. Question & Answer in English
1. State any five functions of liver.
Answer.
Functions:- This metabolically active organs carries out some vital function of its primary functions are as follows:-
• Production of Bile :- Bile , which helps in the digestion and absorption of fats, vitamins and cholesterol is produced in the liver.
• Absorption of Bilirubin:- Bilirubin is found by The breakdown of haemoglobin.
• The iron released in stored in the liver to make next generation of blood cell.
•Supporting Blood Clots:- Bile is not responsible for the absorption of vitamin K. If bile is not produced, clotting factors will not be produced.
• metabolisation of fat:- Bile helps in The breakdown and digestion of fats.
• Carbohydrate Metabolisation :- The carbohydrates stored in the liver as glycogen are broken down into glucose and released into the blood to maintain glucose levels.
Q2. Define glomerular filtration rate. What is its value in healthy human?
Ans. Glomerular filtration rate is the amount of glomerular filtration found in all the nephrons of both the kidney per minute. In healthy individual it is about 125ml/minute. The glomerular filtrate contents glucose, amino acids, sodium , potassium, urea ,uric acid, ketone bodies and large amount of water.
Q3. Define vital capacity.
Ans. Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inspiration. It is about 3.5 to 4.5 litres in the human body. It allows the intake of the maximum amount of fresh air along with getting rid of the foul air in a single stroke of respiration.
Q4. What is pacemaker?
Ans. Since the SA nodes initiates and maintains the rhythmicity of the heart, it is known as the natural pacemaker of the human body.
Q5. Classified human teeth on the basis of function.
Ans. There are four different types of teeth in human. Listed below are the form and functions of types of human teeth :-
✓ Incisors :- Incisors are present at the front of the mouth. Which teeth have sharp edges and are adapted for cutting food into small chewable pieces. Humans have eight incisors, four incisors in the upper jaw and four in the lower jaw.
✓ Canines:- Canines are also called cuspids. They are situated at the corner of the dental arches. They are characteristically sharp , elongated and pointy surface. Their primary function is to grip and tear food (tough food such as meat). Humans have four canines, two in the upper jaw and two in the lower jaw.
✓Premolars:- Premolars are also called bicuspid and located behind the canines. This teeth have a flat surface with ridges, which is adopted for crushing and grinding food into smaller portions. Humans have 8 premolars, two in each side of jaws.
✓ Molars :- molars are the largest and strongest teeth. It has a large and flat biting surface, which is well adopted for grinding food. Humans have 12 molars, 6 in each jaw. Four of those are wisdom teeth, which is also called the third molar, which come in between the ages of 17 to 25.
Q6. Name the hormones secreted by placenta.
Ans. The placenta produces hormones, which are involved in maintaining pregnancy.
✓ Estrogen
✓ Progesterone
✓ Human placental lactogen (HPL)
✓ Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
Q7. Why locomotion issential in the animal?
Ans. Locomotion is a method of movement , in which an organism from one place to another. It always takes place in animals because animal are not autotrophs, the depend on other for food. It never takes place in plants. Locomotion helps the animal in different ways :
✓ help the animal in searching the food.
✓ it also help in protecting the animals from predators and locomotion also help for reproduction.
Q8. What is plant hormone?
Ans. Plant hormones are chemical compound found in plants at very low concentrations. They are derivatives of indole (auxins), terpenes (Gibberellin) , adenine (Cytokinesis), carotenoids (Abscisic acid ) and ethylene.
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